- The Bank of Jamaica (BOJ) is expected to leave its policy rate at 5.50% through 2026, according to BMI. It sees the central bank maintaining a more accommodative monetary policy stance as the country continues to recover from Hurricane Melissa amid already muted domestic demand.
- While inflation has risen significantly in recent months, from 3.9% in January to 7.5% in July, this is largely a function of rising energy and commodity prices stemming from ongoing geopolitical tensions, over which the BoJ's policy rate has little influence. Consequently, BMI expects the Bank to remain on the sidelines at its September meeting, opting instead to maintain a more accommodative stance as the country continues to rebuild, while deploying other tools to combat imported inflationary pressures.
- While headline and core inflation have risen in recent months, inflation expectations have remained encouragingly stable, falling 0.3 percentage points (pp) in June This indicates the ongoing credibility of the BoJ's monetary policy and its limited incentive to raise rates. The BoJ's decision to hold, despite acknowledging clear upside risks to its inflation forecast, implies a tolerance for supply-side price pressures, reinforcing the view that it will hold in the near term.
- The agency expects that the same factors that will cause the BOJ in September will cause it to stay on the sidelines through year-end. Instead, the agency forecasts that the central bank will deploy its ample foreign reserves to continue supporting the currency, which has appreciated 0.1% year-to-date and 0.8% since last August. It deems this an effective measure to counter rising import costs and mitigate international inflation pass-through.
- Looking ahead, inflation is expected to average 6.4% in 2026 and end the year at 6.2% before resuming its downward trend toward the midpoint of the BOJ's target range (5.0%) in 2027 as geopolitical tensions dissipate and international inflation pressures ease. However, continued fiscal expansion will likely exert moderate upward pressure on inflation as reconstruction and recovery efforts continue in the near and medium term.
- That said, risks to inflation and interest rate forecasts are tilted firmly to the upside. As noted by the BOJ, risks to the inflation outlook and to the interest rate path largely stem from ongoing uncertainty surrounding unresolved Middle East tensions, which have driven commodity prices higher and could push inflation up by more than currently expected. Additionally, while inflation expectations have remained stable, a substantial unmooring of these crucial indicators could prompt a rate hike by the BoJ in 2026 to keep expectations anchored.
- An additional domestic upside risk to inflation is the El Niño-induced drought currently affecting eastern parishes. While favourable rainfall patterns in several key agricultural parishes have partially mitigated the impact, prolonged dry conditions could constrain agricultural supply and place upward pressure on domestic food prices. This risk was not explicitly incorporated into BMI's assessment and could complicate the BoJ's efforts to distinguish between temporary supply-side pressures and more persistent inflationary pressures.
(Sources: BMI, A Fitch Solutions Company and NCBCM Research)
